Deficiency
Iron-deficiency anaemia
Also known as: Iron deficiency, Low blood
Iron-deficiency anaemia condition guide: symptoms, causes, prevention, and when to seek care. Educational only — not a diagnosis.
Overview
Iron deficiency develops when the body lacks enough iron to make haemoglobin. People tire easily and may look pale. It is common in people with heavy periods, pregnancy, and children with poor diets.
Symptoms
- Extreme tiredness
- Pale face or nails
- Breathlessness on exertion
- Dizziness
- Cold hands
- Brittle nails
- Unusual craving for soil or ice (pica)
Causes
Diets low in iron, blood loss (heavy periods or ulcers), pregnancy, and infections such as worms or malaria can contribute.
Treatment (general information)
A clinician may prescribe iron supplements and a diet with meat, beans, or leafy greens. The cause of blood loss should be checked. Do not take high doses without advice.
Prevention
Eat iron-rich foods, add vitamin C to help absorption, treat worms, and get blood tests in pregnancy.
When to see a doctor
Seek care for severe fatigue, breathlessness, very heavy periods, or ongoing dizziness.
Frequently asked questions
- Does tea block iron?
- Tea or coffee with meals can reduce iron absorption. Leave time between them when possible.
- Are supplements enough without diet change?
- Supplements help, but better diet and treating the cause of deficiency matter long term.