Infectious
Typhoid fever
Also known as: Enteric fever, Salmonella Typhi infection
Typhoid fever condition guide: symptoms, causes, prevention, and when to seek care. Educational only — not a diagnosis.
Overview
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella Typhi bacteria. It spreads where water and food hygiene are poor. Symptoms can last for days and need proper treatment to avoid complications.
Symptoms
- Fever that rises gradually
- Headache
- Abdominal pain or bloating
- Fatigue
- Diarrhoea or constipation
- Small body rash
- Poor appetite
Causes
Bacteria enter the body through food or water contaminated with faeces from an infected person. Unwashed hands and unclean utensils raise risk.
Treatment (general information)
A clinician may prescribe antibiotics after assessment and tests. Drinking enough fluids matters. Do not take antibiotics without advice, because some strains resist common drugs.
Prevention
Drink safe water, wash hands before eating, cook food thoroughly, and avoid uncovered street food. Vaccination may be considered for travellers or outbreak settings.
When to see a doctor
See a clinic if fever lasts more than two days, abdominal pain is severe, or symptoms follow unsafe water or food.
Frequently asked questions
- Can typhoid look like malaria?
- Yes. Fever and fatigue can overlap, so clinic testing helps avoid the wrong treatment.
- Can I infect others?
- Yes, especially with poor hand and toilet hygiene. Some people can still carry bacteria after they feel better.