Digestive
Irritable bowel syndrome
Also known as: IBS, Spastic colon
Irritable bowel syndrome condition guide: symptoms, causes, prevention, and when to seek care. Educational only — not a diagnosis.
Overview
IBS affects how the bowel works without the usual visible damage on tests. People may have diarrhoea, constipation, or both. It is not cancer, but it can disrupt daily life.
Symptoms
- Belly pain that eases after a bowel movement
- Diarrhoea or constipation
- Gas and bloating
- Irregular stools
- Mucus in stool
- Symptoms linked to stress
Causes
The exact cause is unclear. Stress, certain foods, a prior gut infection, and sensitive gut nerves can contribute.
Treatment (general information)
Care includes diet changes, stress management, and symptom medicines under advice. A clinician may run tests to rule out other causes. There is no single cure for everyone.
Prevention
Note trigger foods, eat calmly, drink water, do gentle exercise, and reduce stress where possible.
When to see a doctor
Seek care for weight loss, blood in stool, fever, or pain that wakes you at night — these are not typical of IBS alone.
Frequently asked questions
- Is IBS life-threatening?
- Usually no, but it can be hard to live with. Assessment helps confirm it is not another disease.
- Should I avoid milk?
- Some people feel better avoiding lactose; not everyone must. Try changes with clinical advice.