Musculoskeletal
Inguinal hernia
Also known as: Groin hernia, Hernia
Inguinal hernia condition guide: symptoms, causes, prevention, and when to seek care. Educational only — not a diagnosis.
Overview
An inguinal hernia happens when tissue, often bowel, pushes through a weak area of the abdominal wall in the groin. It may look like a bulge that grows with coughing. Men have higher risk, but women can be affected too.
Symptoms
- A bulge in the groin
- Pain or heaviness when lifting
- Discomfort worse with coughing
- A bulge that may reduce when lying down
- Burning or pulling sensation
- Nausea if bowel becomes trapped
Causes
A birth-related or later weakness in the abdominal wall, heavy lifting, chronic cough, constipation, and pregnancy can contribute.
Treatment (general information)
Many hernias are repaired with surgery to close the weak spot. A painful bulge with vomiting or colour change is an emergency. Do not force it back without advice.
Prevention
Lift safely, treat chronic cough and constipation, keep a healthy weight, and avoid straining on the toilet.
When to see a doctor
Seek urgent care if the bulge will not reduce, is very painful, the abdomen swells, or you are sweaty and vomiting.
Frequently asked questions
- Can a hernia heal on its own?
- No. The wall weakness does not close by itself. Some small cases are watched, but surgery is often needed.
- Can I keep working?
- Light work may be allowed, but heavy lifting raises risk. Follow clinical advice.